[Verified Answer]: Bio 295 EXAM 1: Multiple choice: 40 questions…

Bio 295 EXAM 1: Multiple choice: 40 questions Circle and fill in your answer. 1. Which of the follewing microorganisms are prokeryotic? A) Viruses B) Protozonans C) Yeast D) Bacteria 2. Whe is credited with being the first person to describe mieroorganisms based on an invention called the microscope? (A) Van Leeuweahoek B) Pasteur (C) Petri D) Heoke 3. Penicillin was isolated from which of the following classifications of erzaniem? A) Bacteria B) Virus C) Finngus D) Plant 4. Inoculating a person with the pus from a cowpox blister pretents that persan from contracting small pox. This is an example of: A) Vaccination B) Immunogenicity C) Antibiotics D) Pastemrimation 5. Rosalind Franklin should have heen awarded a Nobel Prize along with Watsoa and Crick due to her critical contributions in determining the structure of: A) Antibiotics B) Transposons C) DNA D) Ion Channcls 6. Bacteria are named based on shape and type of aggregation, a bacterium that is spherical in shape is given the designation: A) Coccus B) Bacillus C) Spirochete. D) Sircptohelix 7. Which of the following is a cellular structure that is critical to AI. L species of bacteria? A) Cell Wall B) Ribosotmes C) Flagellum D) PLasmid 8. The directional movement of an organism mwoy from a chenticaf is called: A) Reverse chemotaxix B) Positive acrotaxis C) Positive chemotility D) Negative chemotaxis 9. Which of these components of a flagellum is composed of long helical chains of the protein flagellin? A) Filament B) Sfator C) Basal Body D)Hooh10. Bacteria migrate through an environment by performing a “run and tumble.” What determines whether a bacteria is in a “ran” or a “tumble”? A) Location of flagella B) Number of flagellum C) Flagellin protein synthesis: D) Direction of flagellar rotation 11. Which of the following structures facilitates the process of bacferial conjugatiout? A) Fimbrae B) Plasmids C.) Pili D)) F factors 12. During antibiotic treatment is altered; this can produce a mew strain of bacferia that is resisfant to the antibiotic. A) Selection Pressure B) Genetic Diversity C) Gene Mutation D) Spomtancous Design 13. Peptidoglycan is a molecule that contains and components. A) Amino Acid, Carbohydrate B) Nucleic Acid, Protein C) Lipid, Nucleic Acid D) Glycogen, Polysaccharide 14. Gram Negative bacteria stain a reddish color due to which of the following chemical agents? A) lodine B) Crystal Violet C) Safranin D) Mordant 15. The major difference between passive and active cellular transport is that active transport requires: A) Transport Proteins B) Aquaporins C) Cofactors D) ATP 17. What will happen to a bacterial cell that is placed in an isotomic solution? A) Apoptosis B) Osmotic Lysis. C) Plasmolysis D) Nothing 18. Which two types of biochemical reactions together define total cellular metabolism? A) Anabolism/Catabolism B) Synthesis/Degradation C) Oxidation/Reduction D) Transcription/Translation 19. Proteins and nucleic acids are molecules that are typically polar-meaning they are also: A) Oxidized B) Hydrophilic C) Endergonic D) Polymers B) Hydrophilic C) Endergonic D) Polymers: 20. Which of the following is responsible for creating protein primary structure? A) Hydrogen Bonds B) Peptide Bonds C) Ionic Bonds D) All of these 21. Which of the following major biomolecules is critical for the functioning of the cell membrane? A) Lipids B) Proteins C) Carbohydrates D) Nucleic Acids 22. Which of the following types of organisms is NOT found in the Linnean Classification system of living things on Earth? A) Fungi B) Protozoans C) Viruses D) Archaea 23. Which of the following theories was discredited by Pasteur’s experiment using a flask with a bent neck? A) Germ Theory B) Antibiotic resistance C) Spontaneous Generation D) Evolution 24. Antibiotic resistance genes can be shared between different types of bacteria via small circular molecules of DNA called: A) Chromosomes B) Plasmids C) Pillus D) Nucleiods 25. The process described above involves a type of bacterial “mating” that is called: A) Conjugation B) Bacterial Fission C) Pilus Invagination D) DNA Replication 26. The portion of a cell membrane that acts as a barrier for molecules like water is found in which of the following components of the phospholipid bilayer? A) The Polar Head Groups B) The Aquaporins C) The Peripheral Lipids D) The Fatty Acid Tails 27. Polysaccharide granules are bacterial structures that are designed to contain which of the four major biomolecules: A) Proteins B) Carbohydrates C) Nucleic Acids D) Lipids 28. A gene is a sequence of that encodes for the production of a specific protein: A) Amino Acids B) Polypeptides C) RNA D) DNA 29. During the set of critical cellular reactions known as the central dogma of molecular biology, the ribosome is required for which of the following? A) DNA replication B) RNA transcription C) RNA splicing D) Protein Synthesis 30. Which of the following is a cukaryotic organelle that functions in a way that is similar to the NUCLEIOD found within the cytoplasm of a bacteria? A) Endoplasmic Reticulum B) Nucleus C) Mitochondria D) Ribosome 31. Which of the following is the level of total magnification that we should always start with in order to observe a slide on the light microseope? A)4XB)10XC)40XD)100X32. Which of the following measurements describes the size of an object/organisms that is microseopic? A)10mMB)100kMC)150MD) All of these are correct 33. Eukaryotic organisms that are all unicellular and are all found within the same taxonomic Kingdom are referred to as: A) Eukaryota B) Protista C) Fungi D) Archaea 34. Robert Koch was a scientist who’s work led to the experimental techniques that proved “germ theory” which links specific microbes to specific: A) Taxonomies B) Morphologies C) Biochemistries D) Pathologies 35. When working with a liquid culture and transferring it to a solid medium, which of the following will be required? A) An inoculation loop B) A petri dish C) A Bunsen burner D) All of these plus a student 36. The smear preparation involves sterilizing and fixing a bacteria culture on to a microscope slide for the purpose of staining. If we wanted to determine the presence or absence of a peptidoglycan cell wall we would use the: A) Acid/Base stain B) Gram Stain C) Endospore Stain D) Safranin Counterstain 37. A eukaryotic organelle requires the presence of which of the following: A) Proteins B) Phospholipid Bilayer C) Ribosomes D)mRNA38. In a eukaryotic cell, nascent proteins will typically be folded into tertiary and quaternary structure within which of these organelles? A) Nucleus B) Nuclear Membrane C) Endoplasmic Reticulum D) Mitochondria 39. Errors in the DNA sequence of genes can result in changes to the proteins that they encode, these alterations of gene coding are referred to as: A) Mutation B) Oxidation C) Catabolism D) Hemorrhage 40. Are you all enjoying class so far