[Answered]: Answer following 2 questions based on a research…

Answer following 2 questions based on a research abstract below. Abstract To exit full screen, press and hold BACKGROUND: Tracheal intubation in patients with an immobilized cervical spine can be aneurt because or ar restricted mouth opening and limited neck movements. Use of the Bonfils intubation fibrescope (BIF) or left molar (LM) larvngoscopy may be suitable options for tracheal intubation in such patients. Intubation adiuncts. such as an endotracheal tube introducer, may improve the overall intubation success rate with the LM approach. Formal studies are currently lacking on the use of LM laryngoscopy with a tube introducer. MEIHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, a cervical collar (to simulate a difficult airway scenario) was placed on 120 prospective elective surgical patients who were randomly assigned to tracheal intubation with a BIF (Group BIF, n = 60) or with tube introducer-assisted LM laryngoscopy with routine optimal external laryngeal manipulation (Group LM, n = 60). The groups were compared for the primary endpoint, total intubation time. as well as for time to glottic view. tube introducer insertion time, intubation success rate, number of intubation attempts, and airway complications. RESULTS: The mean (SD) total time for intubation was longer in Group LM than in Group BIF [40.4 (14.2) sec vs 33.1 (15.4) sec, respectively; mean difference /.3 sec; 99% confdence interval (CI) 3.2 to 14.4; P < 0.001) despite less mean (SD) total time required for glottic view [15.4 (10.3) sec vs 23.8 (15.7) sec, respectively; mean difference 8.3 sec; 99% C 2.3 to 14.7; P < 0.001). The overall success rate was comparable between groups (95.0% in Group BIF vs 96.6% in Group LM; P = 0.64). Tracheal intubations could not be performed as per protocol in three patients in Groun BIF and in two patients in Groun LM and were considered as failures. No differences between the grouns were found in the incidence of side eftects. CONCLUSION: The tube introducer-assisted LM approach to intubation may be a good alternative to the BIF noroach in anets wt acated an Uatat eut aav scenaros • Based on the above abstract, what level of research for this study? Exploratory research Explanatory research Descriptive research • Basis research