[Verified Answer]: GROUND been suggested that vaccination…

GROUND been suggested that vaccination against measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) is a cause of autism. IODS 5 , we conducted a :ohort study of all children born in Denmark from January 1991 through December 1998 short was selected on the basis of data from the Danish Civil Registration System, which assigns a unique identification эr to every live-born infant and new resident in Denmark. MMR-vaccination status was obtained from the Danish National of Health. Information on these same children’s autism status was obtained from the Danish Psychiatric Central Register contains information on all diagnoses received by patients in psychiatric hospitals and outpatient clinics in Denmark. We ed information on potential confounders from the Danish Medical Birth Registry, the National Hospital Registry, and ics Denmark. LTS 537,303 children in the cohort (representing 2,129,864 person-years), 440,655 (82.0 percent) had received the MMR Ie. We identified 316 children with a diagnosis of autistic disorder and 422 with a diagnosis of other autistic-spectrum ers. After adjustment for potential confounders, the relative risk of autistic disorder in the group of vaccinated children, as ared with the unvaccinated group, was 0.92 , and the relative risk of another autistic-spectrum disorder was 0.83 . Section 4: Application (6 points) 4.1) What kind of cohort study is this, prospective or retrospective? (1 point) 4.2) What are two benefits of this type of cohort study versus the other? (1 point) 4.3) Were children already classified as developing the outcome (Autism) prior to investigators starting this study? (1 point) 4.4) Were children already exposed (vaccinated) prior to investigators starting this study? (1 point) 4.5) Did the authors report the risk difference or the relative risk when comparing autistic- spectrum disorder among children who were vaccinated with MMR versus children who were not? (1 point) 4.6) Given the measure of association, did the findings suggest that the MMR vaccine was a risk factor or protective factor for autistic-spectrum disorder? (1 point)